Israeli archaeologists have discovered a mysterious 2,200-year-old pyramid-shaped structure in the Judean Desert, raising more questions than answers about its purpose and significance, the Israel Antiquities Authority said, quoted by the Israeli news agency TPS, BTA reported.
The massive structure, located north of Nahal Zoar near the Dead Sea, is built of painstakingly hand-hewn stones, each weighing hundreds of kilograms. Beneath it is a way station used by ancient travelers.
Artifacts found at the site include Greek papyrus documents, bronze coins from the Ptolemaic and Seleucid periods, ancient weapons, wooden tools, and well-preserved textiles.
"What we have here is one of the richest and most intriguing archaeological finds ever discovered in the Judean Desert," said Matan Toledano, Dr. Eitan Klein, and Amir Ganor, excavation directors for the Israel Antiquities Authority. "This pyramidal structure is enormous, and the preservation of historical documents, bronze vessels, and ancient furniture due to the desert climate is exceptional. Every moment brings new discoveries, and we can't wait to see what the next three weeks will reveal."
The newly discovered pyramid-shaped structure challenges previous theories about the site.
"Contrary to earlier hypotheses that dated this building to the First Temple period, the evidence now suggests that it was built later, during the Hellenistic period, when the land of Israel was under the rule of the Ptolemies," the archaeologists said.
"We still don't know for sure what its purpose was. Could it have been a watchtower protecting a key trade route for Dead Sea resources such as salt and bitumen? Was it a grand monument or a burial site? It remains a fascinating historical mystery, and volunteers from the public are playing a crucial role in helping us uncover the answers."
The excavations are part of an ongoing project in the Judean Desert that began eight years ago to protect archaeological sites from looting. The Israel Antiquities Authority, the Ministry of Cultural Heritage, the West Bank Civil Administration's archaeological department, and the Looting Prevention Unit have been systematically surveying the desert cliffs, identifying nearly 900 caves in an area spanning 180 kilometers. Using specialized climbing equipment, modern technology and meticulous documentation methods, archaeologists have uncovered thousands of rare artifacts, including hidden scrolls, papyrus fragments, wooden vessels, weapons, leather goods and coins.
The excavations at Nahal Tzohar are one of the most important archaeological operations in Israel's history, said Eli Escusido, director of the service.
"The discoveries are not only exciting, but also very significant for archaeological and historical research. As Passover approaches and spring arrives, we invite people from all over Israel to join us. In these difficult times, spending a few days in the Judean Desert, participating in the discoveries and connecting with our history is a powerful and inspiring experience," he added.