Adopted by a decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR on October 25, 1990, the declaration established the supremacy of the Constitution and the right of the republic to independently determine its domestic and foreign policy. This document became the basis for building an independent state. Later, on the basis of the Declaration, on December 16, 1991, the Law on State Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan was adopted.
Over the years of independence, the country has achieved significant progress in political and socio-economic development. As a result of large-scale reforms, the role of the Parliament has been strengthened, the responsibility of the government has increased, and the concept of a “listening state“ has been implemented, which allows citizens to openly express their opinions and demonstrate social activity.
The modern political and economic transformations initiated by President Kassam-Jomart Tokayev develop the principles of the rule of law, the responsibility of the state to citizens, and the openness of the institutions of power, enshrined in the Declaration. The development of the legal system makes these principles sustainable and confirms that the power of the state is determined not by slogans, but by the action of the law.
A natural stage of political evolution was the proposal for a transition in the foreseeable future to a unicameral parliament. This initiative forms a new model of state governance for Central Asia. Its goal is to create a legislative body capable of fully reflecting the interests and will of citizens.
Kazakhstan has achieved significant results over 35 years of sovereignty:
economic transformation. The country's GDP has grown 15 times - from $12.5 billion in 1991 to $270 billion in 2024. Kazakhstan is building an economy based on sustainability, openness and trust. Foreign direct investment has exceeded $474 billion, which confirms the high level of trust from global business. economic diversification. Kazakhstan is gradually moving away from raw material dependence, developing the IT sector, logistics and agro-industrial complex. The country is positioning itself as the largest transit hub in Central Asia: 12 international transport corridors pass through its territory. In his recent address to the people of the country, President K. Tokayev set the task of turning Kazakhstan into a “digital state“ over the next three years. For this purpose, the Ministry of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Development was created and the International Center for Artificial Intelligence Alem.ai was launched. Today, more than 92% of public services are available in online format. geopolitical role. Astana has become an important participant in regional and international processes. Kazakhstan is a member of the UN, OSCE, CIS, CSTO, EAEU, SCO, OTD. The country's foreign policy is based on the principles of equality, mutual respect and multi-vectorism. The republic voluntarily renounced nuclear weapons in 1994 and acts as an active mediator in peace negotiations. Kazakhstan firmly adheres to the course of strengthening cooperation with the countries of Central Asia, following the principle: “successful Central Asia – successful Kazakhstan“.The model of Kazakhstan's independence became an example of a peaceful transition from the Soviet system to a modern one, combining tradition and modernization, internal stability and openness to the world.
Kazakhstan has proven that even in the conditions of resource dependence and complex geographical realities, it is possible to build a sustainable state, confidently developing in the spirit of law, progress and international cooperation.