The growing use of artificial sweeteners raises new questions for the medical community, after a study drew attention to possible long-term effects on metabolism, including those that can be transmitted between generations.
A study published in the journal Frontiers in Nutrition shows that mice that consumed sweeteners such as sucralose and stevia passed on certain metabolic changes to their offspring. This happens even when subsequent generations do not consume these substances.
In the experiment, 47 mice were divided into three groups - one received plain water, and the other two water with sucralose and stevia in amounts comparable to human intake. After 16 weeks, the animals were bred, and the offspring were fed without sweeteners. However, the scientists found changes in the intestinal microflora, reduced levels of beneficial fatty acids and changes in genes related to metabolism and inflammation.
The most pronounced effect was reported with sucralose. Some of the male offspring showed signs of impaired blood sugar regulation, while the effect was weaker in the females. With stevia, the effect was more limited and weakened more quickly.
The author of the study, Francisca Concha Celume, emphasizes that the results are not a cause for alarm, but a signal for the need for further research. According to her, these are subtle changes that, under certain conditions, can increase the risk of metabolic disorders.
External experts also call for caution. According to nutritionists, the mechanisms related to the influence on the gut microbiome are also possible in humans, although direct evidence is currently lacking.
Industry representatives remind that sweeteners such as sucralose and stevia are approved by health authorities and are considered safe within the recommended intake. However, experts advise moderate consumption and emphasize the need for further long-term studies.