On December 16, 1991, Kazakhstan declared independence.
On this date in 1991, the Law on the Independence of the Republic was adopted. Bulgaria was one of the first countries to recognize this independence.
Since 1991, the Republic of Kazakhstan has celebrated a number of successes that are proof of its stability and peace. But, of course, behind these successes stand a number of events that play a fundamental role in the course of history. Such as:
The introduction of the national currency
The introduction of the tenge currency took place on November 15, 1993. Without economic independence, Kazakhstan would not have been able to reach its current level.
Adoption of the Constitution
Kazakhstan adopted its first Constitution in 1993. The current Constitution is actually the republic's second and was adopted on August 30, 1995. It was the latter that initiated the transition to a presidential form of government and provided opportunities for the development of market relations.
Moving the capital
In 1997, the capital of Kazakhstan was moved from Almaty to Astana.
The Cultural Heritage Program “Mêdeni mura”
UNESCO highly appreciates this program for supporting culture and spirituality in Kazakhstan. The work on the program has yielded great results. Previously unknown documents about the country's history have been discovered. In addition, world masterpieces in the fields of philosophy, history, political science, sociology, etc. were translated into Kazakh. Work on the program lasted 7 years (2004-2011). During this period, collections of Kazakh folklore - 100 volumes, musical folklore - 5 volumes, the history of Kazakhstan from Russian sources - 10 volumes, and others were also published.
Fateful strategies
The strategies “Kazakhstan 2030” and “Kazakhstan 2050” are extremely important, because they determine the fate of the country, setting the trajectory along which it must move to achieve the set goals. One of these goals, according to the Strategy “Kazakhstan 2050” is the republic's ranking among the 30 most developed countries in the world.
The admission of Kazakhstan to the UN, UNESCO, the country's chairmanship of the OSCE in 2010.
During this chairmanship, on December 1-2, 2010, the OSCE High-Level Meeting was held in Astana.
The Renunciation of Nuclear Weapons
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan remained with a large nuclear potential - fourth in the world in power. However, the country decided to set an example, demonstrating its desire to live in peace and security - it renounced nuclear weapons and closed the nuclear test site in Semipalatinsk.
Eurasian Union
In 1994, President Nursultan Nazarbayev came up with the idea of creating a Eurasian Union. On May 29, 2014, the treaty establishing the Eurasian Economic Community was signed in Astana.
Also at the proposal of the President of Kazakhstan, the international organization “Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia” (CICA) was established, and congresses of leaders of world and traditional religions are regularly held in Astana.
Kurultai
Convening of the World Kurultai (Assemblies) of Kazakhs in 1991, 1995, 2001 and 2011. Four Kurultai were held, and as a result, almost a million Kazakhs returned to Kazakhstan from China, Mongolia, Iran, Afghanistan, Russia and other countries.