В Детройт отново обмислят продажбата на Opel, твърди германското сп. Spiegel. През 2009-а компанията майка фалира, но въпреки това отказа да се раздели с немското си поделение след дълго назландисване. Сега американците отново разглеждали възможността да продадат на печалба рюселсхаймската марка, като освен обичайните запозрени купувачи от Китай за потенциален нов собственик бил спряган и гигантът Volkswagen.
Според източници на Spiegel висшият детройтски мениджмънт не бил доволен от загубите, които генерирали Opel и Vauxhall. Ролята на производител на бюджетни возила за концерна можел спокойно да поеме Chevrolet.
Интересът на VW към Opel пък се обяснявал със стратегически интереси. С евентуалната покупка във Волфсбург щели да предотвратят сериозното навлизане на китайски конкуренти на европейския пазар. Мениджърите на VAG имали на разположение цели две години от първото обяваване на Opel за продажба, за да анализират и пресметнат дали рюселсхаймската марка би могла да се вмести в структурата на групата.
От Opel не желаят изобщо да обсъждат въпроса. Шефът на компанията Карл-Фридрих Щраке коментира за Spiegel, че "това са чисто и просто спекулации", а президентът на работния съвет на марка Клаус Франц твърди, че става дума за зловредна информация, разпространявана от завистливата конкуренция. Наред с това обаче през агенцията DPA Франц критикува ръководството на GM, че все още не е опровергало тиражираните слухове.
10 Юни, 2011 13:46 30 397 216
GM продава Opel на Volkswagen?
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КОМЕНТАРИ КЪМ СТАТИЯТА
1 qnko ludio
16:02 08.09.2011
2 Реалист
Затова от обединението може само да спечелят, обединявайки усилията си за производството на качествени машини от долния среден клас.
Сега очаквам форумните спецове да ми нацъкат минусите.
16:02 08.09.2011
3 Jorj
Опел Голф и VW Corsa
:D
Коментиран от #7
16:02 08.09.2011
4 Търговец
Просто Opel нямат място в нишата им. Те по-скоро трябва да купят нещо наистина евтино (както направи Рено с Дачия и Лада) или нещо уникално от рода на Мини Купър, DS3.
16:02 08.09.2011
5 Иван
16:02 08.09.2011
6 Fairing decal of the Japanese character 隼, pe
16:02 08.09.2011
7 NQKOI
До коментар #3 от "Jorj":
Moito momche VW GOLF nqma ni6to ob6to s OPEL CORSA,ot klasa na golfa saotvetstva opel astra a ne CORSA!16:02 08.09.2011
8 anti vag
Коментиран от #9
16:02 08.09.2011
9 1
До коментар #8 от "anti vag":
VAG е втория най-голям производител на автомобили в света след Тойота. VAG груп има акции на обща стойност от 126 милиарда Евро, а печалбата им за миналата година е 7 милиарда.Боклуци викаш? Смешна история.
16:02 08.09.2011
10 Иван
16:02 08.09.2011
11 Fero_B
16:02 08.09.2011
12 anti vag
16:02 08.09.2011
13 VAG NIKOGA
16:02 08.09.2011
14 aha
Dnes horata/klientite/ti vqrvat utre im gubi6 doverieto i si v kanala
16:02 08.09.2011
15 M_SUX
Коментиран от #16
16:02 08.09.2011
16 VAG sa mnogo zle
До коментар #15 от "M_SUX":
VAG niamat finansovata vazmojnost dase sdobiat s BMW i Mercedes.te si nabliagat na ligavite marki.zashto dase butat v Agrupa kato si znaiat miastoto.Коментиран от #20
16:02 08.09.2011
17 И
А ние нормалните хора си караме тъпите еднообразни коли с климатроник, кожа и 200 ватово стерео и не ни пука.
Коментиран от #18
16:02 08.09.2011
18 Anonymous.
До коментар #17 от "И":
emi to i za jenasi taka mai mislish zashto mi e krasavica kato moga dasi varsha sashtata rabota i s BABA CONKA>Коментиран от #21
16:02 08.09.2011
19 lexus
16:02 08.09.2011
20 и2
До коментар #16 от "VAG sa mnogo zle":
И кое точно с селското на един Голф например? Сигурно копчето на ел. стъклото е селско или пъчката за маслото?Тази кола е разработена от куп инженери, които са много по умни от теб. Съшо и много по-богати.
Ако ми кажеш една, само едничка разлика между Голф 6 и Пежо 307 примерно ще те наградя.
До тогава айде на 180 градуса от дясното.
Коментиран от #23
16:02 08.09.2011
21 курин
До коментар #18 от "Anonymous.":
Точно затова говоря. По-добре да дам 300 лв за яка ....., отколкото 300 лв повече за кола.16:02 08.09.2011
22 Полиглот
К - И - Р - И - Л - И - Ц - А
Коментиран от #24
16:02 08.09.2011
23 VAG sa mnogo zle
До коментар #20 от "и2":
razlikata znaesh li kakva e che pone frenskiat avtomobil e na niska cena zashtoto ne prestavliava nishto a golfa e skap na cenata na normalna iaponska kola a s kachestvo ZERO.Коментиран от #25, #27
16:02 08.09.2011
24 a$
До коментар #22 от "Полиглот":
FUCK OFF16:02 08.09.2011
25 и3
До коментар #23 от "VAG sa mnogo zle":
Разбирачо Голф 6 базов е 29 хиляди, Пежо 307 е 30 хиляди.И кое му е скъпото?
Коментиран от #28
16:02 08.09.2011
26 Борис
16:02 08.09.2011
27 E82 120D
До коментар #23 от "VAG sa mnogo zle":
И кое представлява нещо? Може би твоя 124, модел 88, на газ?Новото си е ново, един приятел е ИНСТРУКТОР и мина с Голф 6 над 100 хиляди км. На учебна кола!
Коментиран от #30
16:02 08.09.2011
28 VAG sa mnogo zle
До коментар #25 от "и3":
sloji si ochila mizeren.tapanarКоментиран от #29
16:02 08.09.2011
29 и4
До коментар #28 от "VAG sa mnogo zle":
Като няма какво умно да каже, човек минава на безпочвени обиди. Сеш ли се?Коментиран от #31, #33
16:02 08.09.2011
30 VAG sa mnogo zle
До коментар #27 от "E82 120D":
tvoiat priatel mu kaji dasi go fukne ot zad.az karam novo no mercedes ane jalki selski koli na VAG.razbrali govedoКоментиран от #32
16:02 08.09.2011
31 ?
До коментар #29 от "и4":
a ti shibash li se?pomiaКоментиран от #34
16:02 08.09.2011
32 E82 120D
До коментар #30 от "VAG sa mnogo zle":
А ако твоя Мерджан беше учебна кола щеше ли да издържи толкова?Защото БМВ е истината!
Коментиран от #35
16:02 08.09.2011
33 PEUGEOT 607
До коментар #29 от "и4":
kolega neshto si v greshka VW golf e na tazi cena ama 1.4 16v MPI a peugeot 307 za 30000 lv e 1.4 HDI.seshtash li se?16:02 08.09.2011
34 и5
До коментар #31 от "?":
Шибам се да, защо проблем ли е?Коментиран от #37
16:02 08.09.2011
35 VAG sa mnogo zle
До коментар #32 от "E82 120D":
niamash problemi shte doida i shte te shibam.a bmw odavna sa priravneni po kachestvo s audi demek se troshat.a tvoeto bmw shte izdarjili za uchebno a shliakan16:02 08.09.2011
36 ASTRA GTC
16:02 08.09.2011
37 VAG sa mnogo zle
До коментар #34 от "и5":
znaeh si che si pederastКоментиран от #38
16:02 08.09.2011
38 и6
До коментар #37 от "VAG sa mnogo zle":
И какво общо има това с темата?СПАМЪР!!!! СПАМЪР си тиииии!!!!
Коментиран от #42, #45
16:02 08.09.2011
39 =]
Коментиран от #40
16:02 08.09.2011
40 Vectra
До коментар #39 от "=]":
a dano che inache liubimata marka zagivaКоментиран от #41
16:02 08.09.2011
41 Майстора
До коментар #40 от "Vectra":
Нищо не разбираш от коли.Коментиран от #43
16:02 08.09.2011
42 VAG sa mnogo zle
До коментар #38 от "и6":
po dobre spamar otkolkoto ligav pedal koito si tarsi ebach v forum za avtomobili.16:02 08.09.2011
43 Vectra
До коментар #41 от "Майстора":
maikati znae pitai ia ot kakvo razbiram16:02 08.09.2011
44 Цитат
Е. Минчев
Коментиран от #46
16:02 08.09.2011
45 anti vag
До коментар #38 от "и6":
VAG prodavat skapo i nekachestveno.16:02 08.09.2011
46 VAG sa mnogo zle
До коментар #44 от "Цитат":
a nasirash li se v kojeniat salon16:02 08.09.2011
47 Дилър
Голф 6 - 29 хиляди
Фокус - 32 хиляди
Астра - 30 хиляди
307 - 30 хиляди
C4 - 26 хиляди
Както виждаш са на почти еднакви цени. Айде информирай се малко преди да ръсиш умнотия.
Коментиран от #49
16:02 08.09.2011
48 Цитат
Коментиран от #50, #51
16:02 08.09.2011
49 PEUGEOT 607
До коментар #47 от "Дилър":
kakto kazah golgat e s benzinov motor nai posnoto ispanenie i to ne prosto benzinov a 1.4 smiah v zalata.Коментиран от #52
16:02 08.09.2011
50 525 D
До коментар #48 от "Цитат":
mi shtom te kefi se chukai v gaza kakvo dati kajem be16:02 08.09.2011
51 anti vag
До коментар #48 от "Цитат":
egati pedala.ujas eto takiva haresvat aldi.16:02 08.09.2011
52 Дилър
До коментар #49 от "PEUGEOT 607":
Уважаеми колега Мелеме. 1.4 е 120 конски сили и разход 6 на сто. 1.4 на Пежо е 110 коня и разход 5.5 на сто.Обурудването и на двете е базово за тия пари- клима, ел. съкла, радио и централно.
Коментиран от #53
16:02 08.09.2011
53 PEUGEOT 607
До коментар #52 от "Дилър":
meleme na turski li e a fes?frenskiat lav e HDI za tia pari otvoren xaxaxa goltakКоментиран от #56
16:02 08.09.2011
54 Реалист
Нека съпоставяме качество с цена!
Коментиран от #57
16:02 08.09.2011
55 2
Коментиран от #59
16:02 08.09.2011
56 E82 120D
До коментар #53 от "PEUGEOT 607":
Не ми ги хвали дизелите, моля те. Май не знаеш какво представлява българската нафта? За 3 месеца запуших дюза на бимера, в сервиза на Пежо (там работи баща ми) също имат масови проблеми с дизелите.Коментиран от #60
16:02 08.09.2011
57 W204
До коментар #54 от "Реалист":
da prav si ama mercedes w204 ima za 55000lv kompressor i e dosta luda kola ne mislish liКоментиран от #61
16:02 08.09.2011
58 ...
16:02 08.09.2011
59 Дилър
До коментар #55 от "2":
1.4 е 30 хиляди, но като дойдеш в офиса ти правим 2000 лв отстъпка минимум. Ако не знаеш всички дилъри правим отстъпки, които не са описани в каталозите.Днес например един Туарег от 75 хиляди го продадохме на 69, защото иначе човека не го искаше.
Коментиран от #62, #65, #67
16:02 08.09.2011
60 PEUGEOT 607
До коментар #56 от "E82 120D":
neznam kade raboti bashtati ama moiata ia kupih nova ot BG i sam super dovolen.HDI e dobar dizel a inache niama po dobro ot moshten benzinov motor stiga da mojesh dago hranish.Коментиран от #63
16:02 08.09.2011
61 Реалист
До коментар #57 от "W204":
Че е хубава кола е ясно, и аз карам Мерц, но 55 хиляди са си много пари за България и то за кола. На това само каското ще му е 3000 лв годишно, данъка и т.н.Коментиран от #64
16:02 08.09.2011
62 eto tova e ot VW golf za tia pari,nelaji dila
До коментар #59 от "Дилър":
a ti kato dilar nali se seshtash che tia ostapki negi pravish ti a shefat ti i vtoro te se poiaviavat ot predi tova naduta cena.16:02 08.09.2011
63 E82 120D
До коментар #60 от "PEUGEOT 607":
И от къде сипваш? Аз пробвах ОМВ, Шел, Петрол, навсякъде и нафтата е боклук. И тоя оборотомер до 4000 ми бърка в здравето.Коментиран от #66
16:02 08.09.2011
64 W204
До коментар #61 от "Реалист":
fakt e kolega ama vseki kef si ima cena.leka vecher ot men16:02 08.09.2011
65 PEUGEOT 607
До коментар #59 от "Дилър":
zashto si mislish che i peugeot ne praviat ostapki a ?16:02 08.09.2011
66 PEUGEOT 607
До коментар #63 от "E82 120D":
imam dogovor s EKO ot 2 godini i niamam iadove a predi SHell.moi priatel kara edna E klasa 320 CDI i tia e kopuvana nova i veche e na 230000km i mi kaza che samo edna diuza e smenil i niama problem.16:02 08.09.2011
67 lajesh kuche
До коментар #59 от "Дилър":
307 nese proizvejda kade go vidia ta i cena chak komentirash.Коментиран от #68
16:02 08.09.2011
68 Дилър
До коментар #67 от "lajesh kuche":
Добре де, коте, 308 имах предвид. Все тая.Коментиран от #69, #70, #71
16:02 08.09.2011
69 lajesh kuche
До коментар #68 от "Дилър":
dabe vse taia nejen ama eto taka lajete horata i posle zashto VAG sa pomiari16:02 08.09.2011
70 PEUGEOT 607
До коментар #68 от "Дилър":
mi to peugeot 308 e mnogo po krasivo ot Golfa.Коментиран от #72, #73
16:02 08.09.2011
71 lajesh
До коментар #68 от "Дилър":
lajete horata po tozi nachin i posle olele16:02 08.09.2011
72 STFU ;]
До коментар #70 от "PEUGEOT 607":
Напълно те подкрепям, а и 308-цата мисля че все още се води за най-икономичната - 3,13 л на 100 кмКоментиран от #78
16:02 08.09.2011
73 E82 120D
До коментар #70 от "PEUGEOT 607":
Абе красиво. За тия пари като искаш красота си взимаш Бимер или Меро на 2-3 години. Нито Пежо, нито VW правят красиви автомобили.По-важни са други неща, най-вече здравината и комфорта.
Коментиран от #75
16:02 08.09.2011
74 mrazia lashcite
Коментиран от #76
16:02 08.09.2011
75 ?
До коментар #73 от "E82 120D":
ei erbap.papi li ti vikaha ili ?Коментиран от #77
16:02 08.09.2011
76 Дилър
До коментар #74 от "mrazia lashcite":
Аз затова говоря за базовите модели. Като искаш нещо по-така Golf GTi е твой за 48 хилки.И между другото 1.2 е с турбокомпресор и директно впръскване и е перфектна кола за придвиждане, 150 на магистралата си поддържа. Е не става за ръчки, но то в България не ти и трябва.
Коментиран от #81
16:02 08.09.2011
77 E82 120D
До коментар #75 от "?":
Добре де погледни едно E90 и после което и да е Пежо или VW (с изключение на Passat CC и RCZ). Не можеш да кажеш на черното бяло, на грозното-красиво.Коментиран от #79
16:02 08.09.2011
78 PEUGEOT 607
До коментар #72 от "STFU ;]":
da taka e i tochno takova shte vzema na jenami neka drugite si karat golf.az sam balak i shte vzema tova peugeot.a i na vsichki koito pliuiat frenskite vozila shte kaja che az ne robuvam na marka a gledam da patuvam udobno ikonomichno,servizat da e na nivo i kolata dane me dere postoiano.tova vsichko namerih v PEUGEOTКоментиран от #80
16:02 08.09.2011
79 ?
До коментар #77 от "E82 120D":
da taka e papi no ne vseki moje da si pozvoli rasovo jivotinche.az imam takova i poviarvai mi nemi izliza mnogo evtino16:02 08.09.2011
80 Йорданов
До коментар #78 от "PEUGEOT 607":
Ние пък в семейството караме само VW (Golf 5 1.9 TDI, Golf 6 2.0 TDI, Passat 6 2.0 TFSI) и също сме много доволни от сервиз и поддръжка.Коментиран от #82, #84
16:02 08.09.2011
81 mrazia lashcite
До коментар #76 от "Дилър":
da 1.2 s turbo i jivot 60000km.a pak pitaime koga shte dam 50bona za VW pri oferta za c klasa 200 kompresor za 55bona.Коментиран от #83, #86
16:02 08.09.2011
82 PEUGEOT 607
До коментар #80 от "Йорданов":
mi chestito na pechelivshite.16:02 08.09.2011
83 Дилър
До коментар #81 от "mrazia lashcite":
GTi е 230 коня. Тоя мерцедес колко е?16:02 08.09.2011
84 anti vag
До коментар #80 от "Йорданов":
VAG i zdravina tova e nevazmojnoКоментиран от #85
16:02 08.09.2011
85 Йорданов
До коментар #84 от "anti vag":
Ти колко VAG-а си притежавал, че така говориш? Като караш нормално колата не се троши.Сина ми си взе Калибра и и ... майката за 1 месец, а уж била много здрава кола. Защо- защото кара като идиот!
Коментиран от #89
16:02 08.09.2011
86 Дилър
До коментар #81 от "mrazia lashcite":
И твоя любим Меро за 55 хилки е с турбо ако не си забелязал.Коментиран от #87
16:02 08.09.2011
87 mrazia lashcite
До коментар #86 от "Дилър":
benza e s turbo no ne 1.2 ii mercedes praviat zdravi motori zarazlika ot VAG.i ima 7G-TRONICКоментиран от #88
16:02 08.09.2011
88 Дилър
До коментар #87 от "mrazia lashcite":
И струва майка си и баща си.Коментиран от #90, #94
16:02 08.09.2011
89 anti vag
До коментар #85 от "Йорданов":
calibrata e na godinite na sinati.a kakvo razbirash pod ako karash normalno.da ia karam na patna pomosht za danese troshili?Коментиран от #91
16:02 08.09.2011
90 mrazia lashcite
До коментар #88 от "Дилър":
55000lv ot moi priatel dilar v Balkan star.dilar nali ti e liubima duma inache az vi naricham prosto prodavachi na laji.16:02 08.09.2011
91 Йорданов
До коментар #89 от "anti vag":
Не просто да караш без настъпване на газта до долу, скоростите да се превключват на нормални обороти, а не на прекъсвач.Коментиран от #92
16:02 08.09.2011
92 anti vag
До коментар #91 от "Йорданов":
e ti si za lada samo s neia shte se chuvstvash dobre i shte si ia galish na volia.tova bez date obijdam e pensionersko shofirane.da to e pothodiashto za avtomobil ot VAG samo taka shte izkara 100000km i posle remont zadaljitelen.tova nesa koli a karuci.Коментиран от #93
16:02 08.09.2011
93 Йорданов
До коментар #92 от "anti vag":
Поне стигам закъдето съм тръгнал, а не като някои млади, които се избиха по пътищата.За 100 000 км в България с Пасата нямам нито един акт или фиш!
Освен това за друго освен масло и филтри в сервиз не съм ходил.
Коментиран от #96
16:02 08.09.2011
94 lexus
До коментар #88 от "Дилър":
VAG sa kenefi samo iaponsko.Коментиран от #95
16:02 08.09.2011
95 Дилър
До коментар #94 от "lexus":
Тва Вейрона или Суперледжерата (щото и те са ВАГ) са ужасни коли, да знаеш.А 997 Карера 4 пада от Корола на драг.
Коментиран от #97, #98
16:02 08.09.2011
96 anti vag
До коментар #93 от "Йорданов":
az ne kazvam dase kara idiotski no tvoeto e napravo ludost.kachi ia na kamionche zada ne se stroshi a za 100000km samo maslo i t.n sam nesi viarvash.hodovata chast pone dva pati a a ko e avtomat pone vednaj si pravil.Коментиран от #99
16:02 08.09.2011
97 mrazia slugite
До коментар #95 от "Дилър":
na umen se pravish a sam znaesh che si jalak sluga16:02 08.09.2011
98 lexus
До коментар #95 от "Дилър":
be neme zanimavai s gluposti be.Lexus e kolata biagai da igraesh16:02 08.09.2011
99 Йорданов
До коментар #96 от "anti vag":
Не е лудост, а практичност. Защо да бия прекъсвачи и да карам бързо, като и без това 90% от пътуванията са ми София - Пловдив, където колкото и да бързаш после в задръстванията губиш всичкото спечелено време.Днес минах магистралата за 1 час и после до ЦУМ пътувах още 1 час.
Коментиран от #103, #105
16:02 08.09.2011
100 ПРОДАВАМ
Леко надран капак, всичко му работи!!!
0899 582 - 565
Коментиран от #101, #102
16:02 08.09.2011
101 Силвия
До коментар #100 от "ПРОДАВАМ":
Лелее пич, тоя телефон е уникален.Който има пари да го купува, защто е невероятен телефон и цената е уникална!
Силно го препоръчвам на всеки фен.
16:02 08.09.2011
102 Силвана
До коментар #100 от "ПРОДАВАМ":
Велика оферта, побързайте че ще го продаде!!!16:02 08.09.2011
103 anti vag
До коментар #99 от "Йорданов":
ti si znaesh za stikati na shofirane.az podkrepiam ne agresivnite shofioi no sam nvardo protiv VAG.tova nesa avtomobili a podvojni koshniciКоментиран от #104
16:02 08.09.2011
104 Йорданов
До коментар #103 от "anti vag":
Защо- климатроник двузонов, тонирани стъкла, аудиото е уникално и си пъхам iPod-а в него. Какво повече да иска човек от една кола? Особено като е на 48 години и работи по 12 часа на ден тъпа работа.Коментиран от #106, #109
16:02 08.09.2011
105 big
До коментар #99 от "Йорданов":
kolega samo date popitam po hodovata chast kakvo si smenial za tia kilometri?16:02 08.09.2011
106 anti vag
До коментар #104 от "Йорданов":
mi rasov nemski avtomobil kato mercedes ili bmw ili pak iaponska zdrava mashina ot Lexus.eto tova.16:02 08.09.2011
107 Йорданов
А на 105 ще кажа, че съм сменял предни носачи веднъж и това е.
Е и една изкривена джанта, но това е заради шахта.
Коментиран от #108
16:02 08.09.2011
108 big
До коментар #107 от "Йорданов":
a malko bialetki i opori na amortesiori ia se zamisli?16:02 08.09.2011
109 BMW X1
До коментар #104 от "Йорданов":
vijdam che hvalish stereo uredbata na VW i shte ti kaja che usb to e veche mnogo retro az v bavareca imam hard disk v koito vkarvam diska i davam save i muzikata si e v kolata veche imam nad 10GB muzika i ima oshte miasto tova sa inovacii a usb ima i C3kata na jenami.16:02 08.09.2011
110 Йорданов
Led Zeppelin FOREVER!
Коментиран от #111, #114
16:02 08.09.2011
111 BMW X1
До коментар #110 от "Йорданов":
imash li hard disk v passatcheto mi beshe vaprosa.da ili ne.Коментиран от #113
16:02 08.09.2011
112 Japanese Car Fan
Сега и VW ще стане невероятно бърза кола в стремежа си да избяга то ръждата (следвайки примера на Opel) :-)...
16:02 08.09.2011
113 Йорданов
До коментар #111 от "BMW X1":
Нямам хард, но и USB нямам. Или поне аз не знам, честно казано не разбирам много от компютърните чарколяци.Коментиран от #116
16:02 08.09.2011
114 740D
До коментар #110 от "Йорданов":
zadovoliavate se s malko za mnogo pari.bmw i mercedes davat poveche za sashtite pari.az sam fen na marka koiato se griji za klientite si s kachestvo na visota.adio opel VAG i vas shte skapiat.16:02 08.09.2011
115 BMW X1
Коментиран от #117
16:02 08.09.2011
116 G500
До коментар #113 от "Йорданов":
CAPO dane si nasledil vai holding?s taia brigada ot 60 choveka?16:02 08.09.2011
117 Йорданов
До коментар #115 от "BMW X1":
В един кабел зад подлакътника. Така ми обясниха продавачите, така правя. Честно казано ме е страх да ръчкам по радиото, защото менютата са доста объркващи.Коментиран от #118, #119
16:02 08.09.2011
118 a$
До коментар #117 от "Йорданов":
normalno vav avtomobilite na VAG vsichko e obarkvashto ta daje i samite sobstvenici sa obarkani kak sase prekarali s koter ot taia marka16:02 08.09.2011
119 BMW X1
До коментар #117 от "Йорданов":
ti nesi dostoveren istochnik za zdravinata na produkciata na vag.ti neznaesh che tova koeto polzvash e usb dori.na teb i reikata dati smeniat i dati kajat che sati smenili nakkladkite shte poviarvash.nese obijdai men prosto si laik v taia oblast.adio ot men i se zamisli za bmw ili mercedes che insche si obrechen.16:02 08.09.2011
120 GSI
Коментиран от #122
16:02 08.09.2011
121 520 zender
Коментиран от #123
16:02 08.09.2011
122 GSI 1
До коментар #120 от "GSI":
podkrepqm priqtelio16:02 08.09.2011
123 GSI 1
До коментар #121 от "520 zender":
po dobar ot c20xe ne e suzdavan vuv klasa mu do 2000 godina....neznam kakvo gsi si karal no gsi na ednakvi kilogrami c20xe praska i g60 i malkoto gti i golqmoto gti i vr6 daje....16:02 08.09.2011
124 520 zender
16:02 08.09.2011
125 драйвър
16:02 08.09.2011
126 Maksito
Коментиран от #127, #129
16:02 08.09.2011
127 георги
До коментар #126 от "Maksito":
Като си комплексар как няма да те е срам :D :D :D16:02 08.09.2011
128 V40
16:02 08.09.2011
129 quattro
До коментар #126 от "Maksito":
Emi kato se vozi6 v 20 godi6ni koli taka 6e e.16:02 08.09.2011
130 deutsche autos
16:02 08.09.2011
131 мда
16:02 08.09.2011
132 GT
16:02 08.09.2011
133 GT
16:02 08.09.2011
134 Денди
16:02 08.09.2011
135 Deo88
п.с. нищо против другите марки като Мерцедес и БМВ ;)
Коментиран от #142
16:02 08.09.2011
136 Az sam
16:02 08.09.2011
137 GTI
Коментиран от #141
16:02 08.09.2011
138 :)
Коментиран от #143
16:02 08.09.2011
139 asd
16:02 08.09.2011
140 идиот
16:02 08.09.2011
141 GSI
До коментар #137 от "GTI":
koito kara gti vinagi ima rezervni skorosti v garaja.neshto s koeto opel niama problem.i otnosno rajdata barzo zabravihte izgniliat zaden kapak na vseki vtori golf.jalko za opel tia ot VAG shte prevarnat liubimata marka v skoda.mnogo kovti.16:02 08.09.2011
142 benz
До коментар #135 от "Deo88":
xaxaxa VAG shtiali da kupiat nai velikite nemski marki mercedes ibmw.ti si spal na techenie.tova sa marki s istoria i zavidno kachestvo koeto klientite im go znaiat i uvajavat a VAG praviat lesno defektirashti kolici koito sa ednakvi A4 A6 A6 vse edno i sashto.na horata im omrazvat barzo tia lagernici.16:02 08.09.2011
143 CLK 320
До коментар #138 от ":)":
VAG shte napraviat ot opel jalak posredstven avtomobil.ti lud lisi dizaina na opel nee nikak losh a na VAG ednotipen i vial16:02 08.09.2011
144 Дошо
16:02 08.09.2011
145 Q5
16:02 08.09.2011
146 Q5
Коментиран от #147
16:02 08.09.2011
147 anti vag
До коментар #146 от "Q5":
VAG i zdravina neme rasmivai. tochno kosharite na vag sa vsichko drugo no ne i zdravi.nai troshahstite se koli sa Audi.tia gi raspraviai na decata16:02 08.09.2011
148 lexus
Коментиран от #150
16:02 08.09.2011
149 Пенчо
16:02 08.09.2011
150 MASTERCARD
До коментар #148 от "lexus":
prez 2 meseca izvikvat polovinata koli na pazara za defekti q s kormilnata uredba q sus spira4kite ....aman ve4e ... nz za6to mislite 4e va6eto mnenie me interesuva ...Коментиран от #152, #153
16:02 08.09.2011
151 I_K
16:02 08.09.2011
152 lexus
До коментар #150 от "MASTERCARD":
pridarjai se kam dobriat ton ako vaobshte imash nujnoto vazpitanie.Lexus e marka koiato niama problem s defektirali avtomobili.VAG obache imat problemi s skorosti nezavisimo rachni ili avtomatichni,s elektronika i tova s koeto sa izvestni slabo okachvane.16:02 08.09.2011
153 anti vag
До коментар #150 от "MASTERCARD":
dobre che moderatora ti sledi selskite pisania i gi korigira che inache pisanieto ti viseshe kato l...o v foruma16:02 08.09.2011
154 anti audi
16:02 08.09.2011
155 anti vag
16:02 08.09.2011
156 lexus
TT А3.
16:02 08.09.2011
157 абв
16:02 08.09.2011
158 ура
16:02 08.09.2011
159 tmpl
Коментиран от #161
16:02 08.09.2011
160 Е
Това дали е достатъчно или ви е нужно още ???
“Тойота” изтегля 7,5 млн. коли заради дефект - trud.bg
30 ян. 2010 ... ТОКИО - Автомобилната компания “Тойота” изтегли от пазара общо 7,5 милиона свои коли заради дефектен педал на газта, ...
www.trud.bg/Article.asp?ArticleId... - Кеширана версия - Подобни
Vesti.bg - "Тойота" изтегли 100 000 автомобила Prius от пазара
'Тойота' изтегли 100 000 автомобила Prius от пазара.
www.vesti.bg/index.phtml?tid=40&oid... - Кеширана версия
"Тойота" изтегля милиони автомобили от САЩ и Европа, конкуренцията ...
30 ян. 2010 ... Тойота” обяви, че изтегля 2,3 милиона автомобила от пазара в САЩ, за да се увери в изправността на педала за газта.
www.tvevropa.com/bg/news/.../20921 - Кеширана версия - Подобни
mediapool.bg : Тойота изтегля над 400 000 хибридни автомобила ...
9 февр. 2010 ... Тойота съобщи, че изтегля около 436 000 хибридни автомобила по света, включително и най-новия си модел Приус, заради проблем със спирачките. ...
www.mediapool.bg/show/?storyid... - Кеширана версия - Подобни
Коментиран от #162, #183
16:02 08.09.2011
161 GSI
До коментар #159 от "tmpl":
a dano16:02 08.09.2011
162 lexus
До коментар #160 от "Е":
da shte viarvame na trud ane na Auto bild i drugi klasni izdania za da ne naranim chuvstvata na niakolko fena na VAG.ako saberem vsichki broiki avtomobili iztegleni ot pazara proizvedeni ot VAG broikata shte e ujasiavashta.samo ot Audi sa 3500016:02 08.09.2011
163 dzhengo44
Коментиран от #167
16:02 08.09.2011
164 Шкодиста
Коментиран от #166, #168
16:02 08.09.2011
165 KOKO
16:02 08.09.2011
166 lexus
До коментар #164 от "Шкодиста":
samiat fakt che karash skoda te pravi dosta jalak i s malki finansovi vazmojnosti.sajaliavam te i ne obijdai mila16:02 08.09.2011
167 anti vag
До коментар #163 от "dzhengo44":
xaxaxaxaxa smiah v zalata.i ti nesi viarvash16:02 08.09.2011
168 740D
До коментар #164 от "Шкодиста":
do sega vsiaka zakupena ot VAG marka e zaprilichala na cirkov avtomobil i mnogo troshesht se16:02 08.09.2011
169 Das Auto.
Коментиран от #172
16:02 08.09.2011
170 Тънтурест
Коментиран от #173
16:02 08.09.2011
171 Trup
В немската преса тези дни се бяха появили съобщения, че General Motors Co ще продава европейското си подразделение Opel/Vauxhall.
Сега от фирмата официално опровергаха тези информации, като ги нарекоха „глупост”. Съобщенията за продажба бяха направени от издания с масов тираж, каквито са Auto Bild и Spiegel.
Според тях причината GM да ги продава е загубеното търпение Opel да стане отново печеливша фирма.
Според съобщенията, китайска фирма или Volkswagen имали интерес към Opel. Според шефът на Opel Карл-Фридрих Щраке, публикуваната информация е „спекулация”, като лично той е изпратил съобщение в електронната поща на заетите в Opel с молба „да не се поддават на слухове разпространявани от пресата”.
Слуховете за продажба бяха опровергани и от правителството на немската провинция Тюрингия, където е един от големите заводи на Opel (в Айзенах).
Според списание Spiegel, ако Opel се продава, Volkswagen, който имал свободни средства в размер на 20 милиарда евро, щял да го купи, за да се избегне попадането на фирмата в китайски ръце.
От Volkswagen отказват всякакъв коментар по тези информации и спекулации.
16:02 08.09.2011
172 740D
До коментар #169 от "Das Auto.":
ti si cirkajia s cirkajiiska kola16:02 08.09.2011
173 anti vag
До коментар #170 от "Тънтурест":
VAG ako dokopat opel shte e jalko za markata opel.16:02 08.09.2011
174 ICO-AUTO
16:02 08.09.2011
175 3
НЕ СЪМ ВАГ ФЕН А СЪМ АНТИ ФЕН НА НЕВЕРНИТЕ ТВЪРДЕНИЯ ЗА ЯПОНСКИТЕ КОЛИ!!!! НЕКА СМЕ ОБЕКТНИВНИ
Recall timeline
Sep 26, 2007 – US: 55,000 Camry and ES 350 cars in "all-weather" floor mat recall.[31]
Nov 02, 2009 – US: 3.8 million Toyota and Lexus vehicles again recalled due to floor mat problem, this time for all driver's side mats.[5]
Nov 26, 2009 – US: floor mat recall amended to include brake override[32] and increased to 4.2 million vehicles.[citation needed]
Jan 21, 2010 – US: 2.3 million Toyota vehicles recalled due to faulty accelerator pedals[6] (of those, 2.1 million already involved in floor mat recall).[3]
Jan 27, 2010 – US: 1.1 million Toyotas added to amended floor mat recall.[33]
Jan 29, 2010 – Europe, China: 1.8 million Toyotas added to faulty accelerator pedal recall.[7]
Feb 08, 2010 – Worldwide: 436,000 hybrid vehicles in brake recall following 200 reports of Prius brake glitches.[2]
Feb 08, 2010 – US: 7,300 MY 2010 Camry vehicles recalled over potential brake tube problems.[34]
Feb 12, 2010 – US: 8,000 MY 2010 4WD Tacoma pick-up trucks recalled over concerns about possible defective front drive shafts.[35]
Apr 16, 2010 – US: 600,000 MY 1998–2010 Sienna minivans for possible corrosion of spare tire carrier cable.[36]
Apr 19, 2010 – World: 21,000 MY 2010 Toyota Land Cruiser Prado and 13,000 Lexus GX 460 SUV's recalled to reprogram the stability control system.[37][38]
Apr 28, 2010 – US: 50,000 MY 2003 Toyota Sequoia recalled to reprogram the stability control system.[39]
May 21, 2010 – Japan: 4,509, US: 7,000 MY 2010 LS for steering system software update[40]
July 5, 2010 – World: 270,000 Crown and Lexus models for valve springs with potential production issue.[41]
July 29, 2010 – US: 412,000 Avalons and LX 470s for replacement of steering column components.[42]
August 28, 2010 – US & Canada: approximately 1.13 million Corolla and Corolla Matrix vehicles produced between 2005 and 2008 for Engine Control Modules (ECM) that may have been improperly manufactured.[43]
February 8, 2011 - US: NASA and NHTSA inquiry reveals that there were no electronic faults in Toyota cars that would have caused acceleration issues. However, accelerator pedal entrapments remains a problem. [44]
February 22, 2011 – US: Toyota recalls an additional 2.17 million vehicles for gas pedals that become trapped on floor hardware.[45]
March 2011 – US: NHTSA finds no link with unintended acceleration to Toyota. There have been no proven cases, and they have concluded that it was driver error when the incorrect pedal was pressed. The New York Times reported that they found no errors in the Toyota systems and that it was most likely driver error as it was in the Audi recalls.[citation needed]
[edit] Floor mat recall
On September 26, 2007, Toyota recalled 55,000 sets of heavy-duty rubber floor mats from the Toyota Camry and ES 350 sedans.[31] The recalled mats were of the optional "all-weather" type. NHTSA stated that the recall was due to the risk that unsecured mats could move forward and trap the gas pedal.[31]
External images
Accelerator trapped by unsecured floor mat, causing wide-open throttle (Associated Press)[46]
On August 28, 2009, a two-car collision killed four people riding in a Lexus dealer-provided loaner ES 350 in San Diego, California.[47][48][49] The NHTSA released a safety investigation report on October 25, finding that the accident vehicle was wrongly fitted with all-weather rubber floor mats meant for the RX 400h SUV, and that these mats were not secured by either of the two retaining clips.[50] The brake hardware also showed signs of heavy braking consistent with a stuck accelerator pedal.[50] The report stated that the accelerator pedal's hinge did not allow relieving obstructions, and the dashboard lacked directions for the three-second emergency press of the push button keyless ignition. NHTSA investigators also recovered the accident vehicle's accelerator pedal, which was still "bonded" to the SUV floor mat.[50] The return spring action of the accelerator pedal was found to be "smooth and unencumbered."[51]
Another investigation conducted by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department found that three days prior to the crash another customer had complained to the dealership about the floor mat trapping the same loaner car's accelerator pedal while driving.[52] The prior driver had switched to neutral and tugged on the floor mat, which released the accelerator.[52]
On November 2, 2009, the NHTSA denied a petition to reopen previously closed unintended acceleration investigations of Toyota vehicles, stating they had already been thoroughly investigated making it unlikely for the NHTSA to reach any new conclusions.[53] Later that day Toyota issued a voluntary recall of 3.8 million vehicles, with a letter sent to owners asking them to remove the driver floor mat and not replace it with any other type of mat.[5] In its November 2, 2009 recall announcement, Toyota appeared to claim the floor mats were solely at fault, stating, "The question of unintended acceleration involving Toyota and Lexus vehicles has been repeatedly and thoroughly investigated by NHTSA, without any finding of defect other than the risk from an unsecured or incompatible driver’s floor mat",[5][54] but the NHTSA issued another statement stating, "This matter is not closed until Toyota has effectively addressed the defect", the letter was “inaccurate and misleading", and that, "removal of the floor mats is simply an interim measure, not a remedy of the underlying defect in the vehicles."[55]
[edit] Affected vehicles for floor mat recall
According to Toyota USA, the floor mat recall is confined to the following models:[56]
MY 2005–2010 Toyota Avalon
MY 2007–2010 Toyota Camry
MY 2009–2010 Toyota Corolla
MY 2008–2010 Toyota Highlander
MY 2009–2010 Toyota Matrix
MY 2004–2009 Toyota Prius
MY 2005–2010 Toyota Tacoma
MY 2007–2010 Toyota Tundra
MY 2009–2010 Toyota Venza
MY 2007–2010 Lexus ES 350
MY 2006–2010 Lexus IS 250/350
MY 2009–2010 Pontiac Vibe
Toyota UK states that the floor mat recall affects US models only.[57]
[edit] Amended recall to include accelerator pedal
On November 25, 2009 Toyota amended its floor mat recall involving the same 3.8 million vehicles sold in North America. Toyota will reconfigure the accelerator pedal, replace the all-weather floor mats with thinner mats, and install a brake override system to prevent unwanted acceleration.[32] The brake override system, also called "brake to idle" and already a common design in German cars, allows the driver to override the accelerator by hitting the brakes. In a followup statement, the NHTSA announced the November 25, 2009 recall details as a "vehicle-based remedy" to address the floor mat pedal issue.[58]
According to Toyota, the repair work done under the amended recall for floor mat incursion problems are as follows:[32]
The accelerator pedal will be shaved to reduce risk of floor mat entrapment.
All-weather floor mats will be removed and replaced with a newly designed mat.
A brake override system, which cuts engine power if both the accelerator and brake are detected as pressed, will be installed.
A replacement pedal with the same shape as the modified pedal would be made available at a later date.
For drivers who have existing all-weather floor mat but do not need or want the newly designed all-weather floor mat, the existing mat will be removed and the owner reimbursed.
In its November 25, 2009 announcement, Toyota stated that dealers would be instructed first on how to reshape the accelerator pedal for the repair.[32][59] Installation of the brake override began in January 2010 on Toyota Camry and Lexus ES 350 models, the vehicles with the most units included in the recall.[37][60]
[edit] Accelerator pedal recall
On January 21, 2010, Toyota initiated a second recall, this time in response to reports of accelerator pedals sticking in cars without floor mats.[9] The company had received three such complaints in 2009.[61] In its recall announcement, Toyota stated that:
The condition is rare and does not occur suddenly. It can occur when the pedal mechanism becomes worn and, in certain conditions, the accelerator pedal may become harder to depress, slower to return or, in the worst case, stuck in a partially depressed position.[4]
A concurrent NHTSA press release identified the issue as the "Sticky Pedal Recall" and described the problem and remedy as follows:
External images
Diagram of sticky pedal recall repair procedure for CTS units (Detroit Free Press)[62]
The accelerator pedal becomes harder to depress or slower to return to the closed position.
The accelerator pedal may become stuck in partially depressed position.
Should the pedal become stuck while driving, drivers should switch to neutral and stop.
A repair fix would be applied by the manufacturer to prevent the sticky pedal condition.
A new pedal would later be made available to replace repaired pedals.[63]
The January 21 recall announcement for the accelerator pedal problem covered 2.3 million vehicles sold in the U.S.[3][4] Toyota then widened the recall to include 1.8 million vehicles in Europe and 75,000 in China.[7] On January 26, Toyota announced that until they had finalized an appropriate remedy to address the potential for sticking accelerator pedals, sales would be suspended for selected vehicles.[9] On January 31, 2010 the Wall Street Journal reported that U.S. regulators cleared Toyota's proposed repair for the pedals and the company would resume production by February 8.[64] On Feb 1, 2010 Toyota said that its dealers should get parts to fix the sticky accelerator pedal by the end of the week.[65]
[edit] Affected vehicles and vehicle lines
According to the manufacturer, Toyota's accelerator pedal recall and suspension of sales in North America is confined to the following vehicles (vehicles affected are based on certain Vehicle Identification Numbers):[4][66]
MY 2005–2010 Toyota Avalon
MY 2007–2010 Toyota Camry (excludes Camry Hybrid and some other models)
MY 2009–2010 Toyota Corolla*
MY 2010 Toyota Highlander* (excludes Highlander Hybrid)
MY 2009–2010 Toyota Matrix
MY 2009–2010 Toyota RAV4*
MY 2008–2010 Toyota Sequoia
MY 2007–2010 Toyota Tundra
On January 27, 2010, Toyota USA issued an expanded list of vehicles under recall including:[1]
MY 2008–2009 Toyota Highlander* (excludes Highlander Hybrid)
MY 2009–2010 Toyota Venza
* vehicles built in Japan use Denso pedals and are not subject to the recall
On January 29, 2010, the Toyota recall was extended to Europe and China.[67] The number of vehicles likely to be affected in Europe was unconfirmed but Toyota said it may reach up to 1.8 million.[7] At the time of recall there had been 30 incidents involving the accelerator pedal problem in Europe.[68]
The vehicles affected in Europe are:[68]
Feb 2005 – Aug 2009 Toyota Aygo (automatic models only[69])
Nov 2008 – Nov 2009 Toyota iQ
Nov 2005 – Sep 2009 Toyota Yaris
Oct 2006 – Jan 2010 Toyota Auris
Oct 2006 – Dec 2009 Toyota Corolla
Feb 2009 – Jan 2010 Toyota Verso
Nov 2008 – Dec 2009 Toyota Avensis
Nov 2005 – Nov 2009 Toyota RAV4
On January 30, 2010, PSA Peugeot Citroën announced it was recalling cars built in a Czech plant, a joint venture with Toyota. Although the company did not say when it would begin the recall, nor how many cars were affected, the plant in question, which produces the Peugeot 107, Citroën C1 and the Toyota Aygo, produces 200,000 cars a year.[70] On February 2, 2010, Toyota announced that the recalls could extend to Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East, where Toyota said it had sold a total of 180,000 vehicles, although the company did not specify how many might be affected by a recall.[71] On February 3, 2010, Toyota Australia announced that its accelerator pedals are made by a different supplier and that there is no need for a recall of Australian made vehicles.[72]
[edit] History of accelerator pedal design
Automobile accelerator pedals have historically been mechanical assemblies which link the pedal to the engine throttle by mechanical linkages or a Bowden cable. With the advent of electronic throttle control, accelerator pedals consist of a spring loaded pedal arm connected to an electronic transducer. This transducer, typically a potentiometer or hall effect sensor, converts the position of the pedal arm to an electronic signal which is sent to an electronic control unit (ECU).
The older mechanically designed accelerator pedals not only provided a spring return, but the mechanism inherently provided some friction. This friction introduced mechanical hysteresis into the pedal force versus pedal position transfer function. Put more simply, once the pedal was set at a specific position, the friction would help keep the pedal at this setting. This made it easier for the driver to maintain a pedal position. For example, if the driver's foot is slightly jostled by a bump in road, the accelerator pedal would tend to stay at its setting. While these old purely mechanical designs did have some friction, the return spring force was always designed to overcome this friction with a considerable safety margin. The return spring force ensured that throttle returned to zero if the pedal force applied by the driver was reduced or removed.
With electronic accelerator pedals, there was little inherent friction because of the simplicity of the mechanical design. The tactile pedal response of only a spring force with no hysteresis can make it more difficult for a driver to maintain an accelerator pedal position. Manufacturers of electronic accelerator pedals designed their pedals with additional parts to recreate the tactile response of the older mechanical accelerator pedals. To quote from CTS Corporation's 2004 US patent application:
...drivers generally prefer the feel, i.e., the tactile response, of conventional cable-driven throttle systems. Designers have therefore attempted to address this preference with mechanisms for emulating the tactile response of cable-driven accelerator pedals.[73]
The Toyota electronic accelerator pedals contain a special friction device made of nylon 4/6 or polyphenylene sulfide within the pedal assembly to recreate the tactile response of older pedals. According to the Toyota recall information, it is this device, which in some instances, has been preventing the accelerator pedal from returning to zero. To quote from the Toyota recall FAQ:
The issue involves a friction device in the pedal designed to provide the proper “feel” by adding resistance and making the pedal steady and stable. This friction device includes a “shoe” that rubs against an adjoining surface during normal pedal operation. Due to the materials used, wear and environmental conditions, these surfaces may, over time, begin to stick and release instead of operating smoothly. In some cases, friction could increase to a point that the pedal is slow to return to the idle position or, in rare cases, the pedal sticks, leaving the throttle partially open.[74]
According to Toyota, the tactile response friction device in the affected Toyota electronic accelerator pedals sometimes creates too much friction. This excess friction either slows the pedal return or completely stops it. In the worst case, once a pedal is pushed to a specific setting, it stays at the setting even if the driver removes their foot from the pedal. Early reports, in March 2007, involved the Tundra pickup truck, which used nylon 4/6 in the friction lever.[75]
Some questions and confusion exist if the Toyota explanation fully accounts for all instances of the unintended acceleration involving Toyota vehicles. CTS Corporation,[76] the American manufacturer of the electronic accelerator pedals that Toyota claims are at fault, has announced that:
The problem of sudden unintended acceleration has been reported to have existed in some Lexus vehicles and Toyota vehicles going back to 1999, when CTS did not even make this product for any customer, CTS believes that the rare slow return pedal phenomenon, which may occur in extreme environmental conditions, should absolutely not be linked with any sudden unintended acceleration incidents. CTS is also not aware of any accidents and injuries caused by the rare slow return pedal condition, to the best of its knowledge. CTS wishes to clarify that it does not, and has never made, any accelerator pedals for Lexus vehicles and that CTS also has no accelerator pedals in Toyota vehicles prior to model year 2005.[77]
In June 2010, Chrysler also recalled 35,000 Dodge and Jeep models for sticky gas pedals made by CTS Corporation. Chrysler stated that the CTS pedals have pivot bushings that may dislodge, causing the accelerator to become stuck or slow to return to idle.[78]
[edit] Field workaround for sudden unintended acceleration
Different "workarounds," user actions that ameliorate or prevent a negative, previously unforeseen circumstance, have been suggested as temporary fixes:
Putting the car's transmission in neutral during out-of-control acceleration disengages the gears;[79]
Turning the ignition to the ACC (accessory) position, which, while cutting power to the engine, will also disable the power steering and the brake assist.
Turning the ignition key to the OFF position, which will also cut power, but may cause lockage of the steering wheels and will also disable the power steering and the brake assist.[80]
On whether braking alone may fail to stop affected vehicles, a driver account in the Los Angeles Times claimed that the attempt to stop a 2005 Camry was unsuccessful with both the brake and emergency brake.[81] However, tests of the Camry by Car and Driver in 2009, attempting to use the brakes to stop acceleration of a purposely-stuck throttle at 70, 100, and 120 mph, found that the test driver was able to reduce speed to 10 mph in all instances, and in the 70 and 100 mph tests, stop the car completely.[82][83] The Camry's braking distances with a purposely-stuck accelerator were also shorter than that of the Ford Taurus' regular stopping distance.[82] Car and Driver concluded that, based on their emergency stopping tests, the Camry's brakes could overcome the accelerator in all cases even without a brake override, and that stopping distances with a wide-open throttle were largely indiscernible from regular braking.[82]
In 2010, Edmunds.com also tested the stopping distances of a Toyota Camry SE V6 with a purposely stuck wide-open throttle. Their tests found that the car's brakes could override a stuck accelerator and bring the car to a stop. Although the transmission downshifted and the engine continued to propel the car, stopping distance compared "favorably to a normal panic stop on wet asphalt."[84] Edmunds.com did note that switching to neutral was the best option, given that average drivers may not press the brakes as firmly, and lighter presses will simply wear the brakes down.[84] The German Commission on Technical Compliance (TÜV) of Rheinland also tested the stopping distance of Toyota iQ, Aygo, Yaris, Auris, Verso, Avensis and RAV4 models.[85] With the accelerator purposely jammed to 80% of maximum speed, each vehicle was able to brake safely to a halt.[85] The TÜV findings indicated that each model met the legal requirements for deceleration and stopping distances, and that all Toyota models tested had brakes which could override a stuck accelerator.[85]
[edit] Anti-lock brake software recall
On February 3, 2010, the NHTSA announced that it had received reports from 102 drivers of possible problems related to the braking system on the MY 2010 Toyota Prius,[86] while an additional 14 such reports had been received in Japan. Three of these reports claimed that brake problems had led to the car crashing, with one accident in July 2009 occurring when a Prius crashed head on into another car injuring two people.[87] The Prius was not involved in Toyota's second recall, although it had been involved in the first recall involving floor mats. Toyota said that it was investigating the reports, and that it would be "premature to comment."[88] On February 3, 2010 the Japanese Transport Ministry began conducting an investigation on the redesigned Prius,[89] and Toyota said that it was aware of 77 Prius brake complaints in Japan.[90] On February 4, 2010, the NHTSA announced it had opened an investigation into the issues with the Prius's brakes,[91] which Toyota said was caused by a software glitch. The company said it was looking into the best way to solve the problem.[92] An internal NHTSA memo indicated that the issue was the "short delay" in regenerative braking when hitting a bump, resulting in increased stopping distance.[93]
On February 6, 2010, Toyota said that it had fixed the braking problem on Prius models built since late January 2010 via a software update for the ABS system to improve brake response.[2] On the same day, a Japanese newspaper reported that Toyota had contacted dealers in Japan about their intent to recall all affected vehicles. While it was unclear if the same step would be taken elsewhere, American dealers had been told that Toyota was planning on repairing the vehicles.[94] On February 8, Toyota announced a voluntary global recall of MY 2010 Prius models produced through late January 2010.[2] The affected vehicles will receive a software update for the brakes and its ABS system.[2] In total, Toyota recalled three hybrid vehicles to reprogram the anti-lock braking (ABS) software.[37] In February 2010, a US federal court in New York began the process of determining if there is probable cause to charge Toyota criminally for the way it has handled the Prius' brake recall,[95] and a civil class action lawsuit has been filed on behalf of 2010 Prius hybrid owners.[96] A total of 133,000 Prius vehicles in the U.S. and 52,000 in Europe are to receive the same software update.[2] Guardian.co.uk reports that this affects the third-generation Prius built before January 27, 2010.
[edit] Affected vehicles for anti-lock brake software recall
Toyota Sai
MY 2010 Toyota Prius
MY 2010 Lexus HS 250h
[edit] Other recalls
On February 8, 2009 Toyota announced a recall of approximately 7,300 early 2010 model year 4-cylinder Camrys due to the possibility of the power steering hose rubbing into the front brake line which may cause a brake fluid leak.[97]
On February 3, 2010 Toyota recalled approximately 153,000 vehicles from model years 2005 to 2011 for failing to comply with requirements of FMVSS 110, "Tire Selection and Rims", due to missing load carrying capacity labels.
On February 12, 2010 Toyota recalled approximately 8,000 2010 model year 4WD Tacoma trucks for potential front drive shaft issues. The recall involves inspecting a drive shaft component which if cracked will be replaced.[98] The Tacoma pickups were built between mid-December 2009 and early February 2010. Most affected vehicles have not been sold.[99]
Another recall for frame corrosion recall was confined to the following model(s):[100] MY 2000–2003 Toyota Tundra. According to Toyota USA, frame corrosion could allow spare tires or the fuel tank to fall off the vehicle.
On July 7, 2010 Toyota recalled 270,000 Lexus and Crown vehicles worldwide for improperly manufactured valve springs. According to Toyota, the condition can cause rough idling and potential engine stalling.
On October 21, 2010 Toyota announced a recall of 1.53 million vehicles (740,000 in the U.S, 599,000 in Japan, and 191,000 in Europe and other markets) worldwide; the recall effects MY 2005 and 2006 Avalon, MY 2004 to 2006 Highlander (non-hybrid) and Lexus RX330 and MY 2006 Lexus GS300, IS250 and IS350; the models affected in Japan and elsewhere (except the U.S) include MY 2002 to 2006 Toyota Crown, Crown Majesta, Harrier, Mark X, Alphard, Kluger and Lexus GS350, IS250 and IS350. The recall concerns brake fluid leakage from the master cylinder (U.S market and non U.S marketed Toyota Crown and Lexus GS350) and an electrical problem with the fuel pump, which would cause engine stalling (all markets except the U.S).
[edit] Investigations
Numerous investigations have taken place, including those by the U.S. NHTSA and Japanese transport ministry.[101] The difficulty of investigations is compounded by the fact that driver error can be a possibility in certain cases. The Wall Street Journal reported, "Even when dealers and auto makers suspect driver error, it is difficult for them to outright blame their customers for fear of alienating them or appearing insensitive",[21] which USA Today also suggested.[102] Questions about why cases are mainly in the U.S. have also been raised by international investigations; German publication Der Spiegel reported that similar accidents have rarely occurred outside North America, and although there have been some reports of stuck Toyota gas pedals in Germany, all drivers braked successfully without loss of life.[103]
In another U.S. incident, on December 26, 2009, four people died in Southlake, Texas, a suburb of Dallas, when their 2008 Toyota Avalon sped off the road and through a fence, landing upside down in a pond. The car's floor mats were found in the trunk of the car, where owners had been advised to put them as part of the recall.[104] According to the police report, the driver suffered from epilepsy, but investigators could not rule out either a vehicle defect or the possibility that the driver had suffered a seizure.[16][105]
On Feb 17, 2010, US safety regulators launched an investigation into Corolla steering complaints.[106][107] Following the widespread media publicity of the recalls, several media publications suggested that investigations of subsequent reports would have consider the possibility of "copycat complaints" and hoaxes, with potential complainants seeking to capitalize on possible settlement money,[108] or affected by the psychological bandwagon effect of the mass publicity.[109]
On March 14, 2010, the Norwegian government considered whether to ban Priuses from roads in Norway pending an investigation after a near fatal incident involving a senior citizen.[110] On March 29, after receipt of technical and other information, police indicted the driver involved in the Prius incident for making "a false emergency call to police".[111]
The use of vehicle event data recorders and video surveillance also proved beneficial to investigators, with findings of driver error in a March 9, 2010 Prius alleged sudden acceleration crash, where a 56-year-old housekeeper claimed to have braked but was recorded pressing the wrong pedal,[112] and also in a March 29, 2010 Camry alleged sudden acceleration crash, where a 76-year-old driver claimed to have braked, but was filmed not doing so until after impact.[113]
[edit] NHTSA investigations
NHTSA data shows that there was an annual average of 26 abrupt acceleration reports in 1999–2001 Toyota Camry and Lexus ES models. This number increased by more than 400% to a total of 132 annually in 2002–2004 models, which were designed with new electronic throttles.[114] Toyota responded by stating,
Six times in the past six years NHTSA has undertaken an exhaustive review of allegations of unintended acceleration on Toyota and Lexus vehicles and six times the agency closed the investigation without finding any electronic engine control system malfunction to be the cause of unintended acceleration.[115]
In 2004, the NHTSA launched a probe of throttle control systems on around 1 million Lexus and Toyota sedans.[116] Upon that probe, Toyota urged the NHTSA to define the issues as quick bursts where the engine surged to "something less than a wide-open throttle." The company compared the complaints to previous sudden unintended acceleration cases the NHTSA deemed "driver error."[116] It also said the computer could not open the throttle without the accelerator pedal pressed, and, the brakes would be able to stop the car anyway.[116]
After several months of investigating, the NHTSA said it found no evidence of a defect and there was no data indicated any bad parts.[116] Christopher Santucci, an employee of Toyota's Washington, D.C. office and a NHTSA employee until he was hired by Toyota in 2003, testified that he was informed by the NHTSA in March 2004 about pending investigation over unintended acceleration complaints. According to Santucci in his deposition, his former NHTSA colleagues decided not to investigate some incidents involving acceleration lasting longer than 1 second. The decision to exclude certain incidents from the investigation apparently reduced the significance of the issue to the NHTSA at least on paper.[116][117][118] However, in 2005, 2006 and 2008, Toyota customers again asked the NHTSA to investigate uncontrolled acceleration from electronic throttle controls and power steering issues. Although there were hundreds of complaints, the NHTSA found no evidence of defects; and in every case, Toyota provided data it said showed no such evidence.
On November 2, 2009, the NHTSA denied a petition to reopen previously closed unintended investigations of Toyota vehicles, stating they were unlikely to reach any new conclusions.[119] In February 2010, however NHTSA was again looking into the electronic throttle control systems on Toyota vehicles.[25] In February 2010, State Farm insurance revealed that it had warned NHTSA in late 2007 on an increased trend of Toyota accidents related to the recalled models; other insurers stated however that they had not seen such a trend.[120] On June 1, 2010, the NHTSA opened an investigation into reports that floor mats were jamming accelerators in Ford Fusion and Mercury Milan sedans.[121] On June 30, 2010, NHTSA reported on its latest broad study of unintended acceleration on all car makes, including Toyota, in conjunction with NASA and the National Academy of Sciences. NHTSA stated that it was unable to find electronic throttle defects, but identified floor mat entrapment and pedals that were slow to return to idle as two causes of Toyota complaints. NHTSA also stated it could only verify one Toyota unintended acceleration accident caused by a vehicle defect.[122] On July 14, 2010, the Wall Street Journal reported that NHTSA investigations of 75 accidents alleged to sudden acceleration in Toyota vehicles had found driver error as the primary cause in all but one case attributed to floor mats.[123][124] Black box recorder data found that during these crashes, the throttle was open and brakes not pressed.[124] On July 30, the Wall Street Journal quoted the former head of NHTSA's Recall Management Division stating that the investigation "has become very political", with Department of Transportation officials "hoping against hope that they find something that points back to a flaw".[125] Although the NHTSA study finding driver error was reportedly complete, DOT officials had blocked its release.[125]
On February 8, 2011, NASA and the NHTSA announced the findings of a ten-month study concerning the causes of the Toyota malfunctions of 2009.[126] According to their findings, there were no electronic faults in the cars that could have caused the sudden-acceleration problems. [127][128][129][130][129] "The jury is back, the verdict is in: There is no electronic-based cause for unintended high-speed acceleration in Toyotas, period," Transportation Department Secretary Ray LaHood declared in the LA Times.[129]
[edit] MLIT investigations
Hiroko Tabuchi writing in the New York Times claims that problematic vehicles may have been accurately reported in Japan due to police correctly blaming driver error, as no verified unintended acceleration case exists.[citation needed] The Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) released its findings of sudden acceleration complaints in February 2010, finding that of the 134 cases logged by the ministry between 2007 and 2009, Toyota accounted for 38 cases (28.3% of all reported).[131] Because Toyota's market share was approximately 27.8% of all passenger cargo vehicles, the MLIT noted that no particularly unusual rate was found among these complaints.[131]
[edit] US congressional hearings
The House Oversight and Government Reform Committee and the House Energy and Commerce Committee held hearings in February 2010.[21][132] Retired social worker Rhonda Smith testified before Congress that her car accelerated out of control but the NHTSA investigator determined that a misplaced floor mat had caused the problem;[21] the subsequent owner of the car reported no trouble after driving the car over 27,000 miles.[21]
In a February 2010 letter to Toyota, US congressional investigators "said a review of consumer complaints produced by Toyota shows that company personnel identified sticking pedals or floor mats as the cause of only 16 percent of the unintended acceleration reports".[133] Several media reports later claimed that Toyota had announced that the recalls will not completely solve the gas pedal problems. On February 24, 2010, Toyota responded that it "has rigorously tested its solutions" and are "confident" with the recall repairs, but that it would continue to monitor other possible contributing factors for unintended acceleration, including mechanical, electronics, and driver error.[134] Akio Toyoda, the president and CEO of Toyota, issued the following statement in regards to the recalled vehicles:[135]
“
Toyota has, for the past few years, been expanding its business rapidly. Quite frankly, I fear the pace at which we have grown may have been too quick. I would like to point out here that Toyota's priority has traditionally been the following: First; Safety, Second; Quality, and Third; Volume. These priorities became confused, and we were not able to stop, think, and make improvements as much as we were able to before, and our basic stance to listen to customers' voices to make better products has weakened somewhat. We pursued growth over the speed at which we were able to develop our people and our organization, and we should sincerely be mindful of that. I regret that this has resulted in the safety issues described in the recalls we face today, and I am deeply sorry for any accidents that Toyota drivers have experienced. Especially, I would like to extend my condolences to the members of the Saylor family, for the accident in San Diego. I would like to send my prayers again, and I will do everything in my power to ensure that such a tragedy never happens again.
”
In early 2010, the US government began considering requiring all vehicles sold in the US to have accelerator override built into their brake systems.[136]
Research groups have questioned whether Toyota would "get off easily" because of its large investment in lobbying in Washington, with close ties to the congressional representatives who will lead inquiries into the company's string of safety problems.[137] Other publications noted that half the Democratic congressional members involved in the hearings had received campaign contributions from the United Auto Workers union, a major stockholder of Toyota's top U.S. rival, General Motors.[138]
[edit] US governors' letter to congressional members
On February 10, 2010, four bipartisan US governors from the states of Kentucky, Indiana, Mississippi, and Alabama which Toyota operates plants wrote a letter to Congress commenting about "the federal government's obvious conflict of interest because of its huge financial stake in some of its competitors," referring to Toyota as a "victim" of the media's "aggressive and questionable news coverage". The letter also noted there were "16.4 million recalls in the auto industry for 2009", "many as serious or more serious" than Toyota's recall.[139][140]
[edit] Aftermath
Toyota stopped producing vehicles on certain production lines for the week of February 1, 2010, to assess and coordinate activities. The North America vehicle production facilities affected were located in Cambridge and Woodstock, Ontario, Canada, (where Corolla, Matrix, and RAV4 models are produced), Princeton, Indiana (Sequoia and Highlander), Georgetown, Kentucky (Camry and Avalon), and San Antonio, Texas (Tundra).[141] In addition to recalled vehicles, Toyota announced that it would install brake override systems on all Toyota, Lexus, and Scion vehicles by the end of 2010.[60]
On February 3, 2010, United States Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood advised owners of vehicles affected by the recall to "stop driving" their vehicles until it can be fixed by a dealer. LaHood later retracted his statement stating it was "obviously, a misstatement."[142] Secretary La Hood's statement was criticized by some media columnists for suspected conflict-of-interest due to the U.S. government's auto bailout partial ownership of Toyota's domestic rivals, General Motors and Chrysler.[17][143][144]
[edit] Economic impact
The recall came at a difficult time for Toyota, as it was struggling to emerge from the recession and had already suffered from a resultant decrease in sales[145] and the low exchange rate from yen to US dollar.[146] On the day that the recall was announced in the US, it was announced that 750 jobs will be cut at Toyota's British plant at Burnaston, near Derby.[145] It was estimated that each Toyota dealership in the US could lose between US$1.75 million to US$2 million a month in revenue, a total loss of US$2.47 billion across the country from the entire incident.[8] Additionally, Toyota Motors as a whole announced that it could face losses totaling as much as US$2 billion from lost output and sales worldwide.[71] Between 25 January and 29 January 2010 Toyota shares fell in value by 15%.[147]
According to analysts, Toyota owners (including owners of cars not recalled) may also be economically affected by the recall, as the damage to Toyota's reputation could negatively affect the resale value of used cars.[148][149]
[edit] Manufacturer changes
In addition to its recall efforts, a new global quality committee to coordinate defect analysis and future recall announcements was announced by Toyota in early 2010, along with a Swift Market Analysis Response Team ("SMART") in the U.S. to conduct on-site vehicle inspections, expanded Event Data Recorder usage and readers, third-party quality consultation, and increased driver safety education initiatives.[112][150] Industry analysts noted that the recall response was a challenge for the The Toyota Way manufacturing philosophy, because the recalled parts were not due to factory errors or quality control problems, but rather because of design issues leading to consumer complaints.[151] As a result, better communication of consumer issues with management was needed;[151] the global quality committee aimed to be more responsive to consumer concerns.[150]
[edit] Competitor reactions
One day after Toyota's announced sale suspension General Motors began offering a US$1,000 cash rebate targeted toward Toyota owners.[152] By February 1, 2010 Ford, Chrysler and Hyundai were offering similar incentives.[153]
[edit] Release of Toyota driver jailed for fatal crash
In February 2010, a motion for retrial was submitted on behalf of a Minnesota man, Koua Fong Lee, who, in 2008, was sentenced to eight years in jail for rear-ending a car, killing three of the five occupants and injuring the other two. This happened in June 2006 when he was driving home from church with his family and exiting the highway. Koua insists that his 1996 Toyota Camry sped up to between 70 and 90 mph despite heavy braking. In May 2010, a vehicle inspector hired by attorneys for the convicted man reported finding problems with the car's accelerator system.[154][155][156]
At least two of the jurors from the 2008 trial have questioned the guilty verdict,[157] and one of the injured survivors has filed suit against Toyota and the local dealership that sold the car, stating he believes that the imprisoned man should be set free.[158][159] In June 2010, the County Prosecutor opposed a new trial, stating that she sees no evidence that Koua's Camry experienced "sudden unintended acceleration", and a US District Court Judge has until September 2010 to decide whether or not Koua should be re-tried[160] In August, 2010, the judge ruled that Koua would be re-tried but the prosecutor declined to prosecute. Prior to the ruling, the prosecutor offered release but with the condition that he would still have a felony conviction on his record, barring him from driving privileges for ten years, and that he would be jailed if arrested for anything else. Koua did not agree to such conditions.[161] In August 2010, a Minnesota judge freed Koua from prison and the local prosecutor says she would immediately drop the charges.[162]
[edit] Media coverage and criticism
This section may be unbalanced towards certain viewpoints. Please improve the article by adding information on neglected viewpoints, or discuss the issue on the talk page. (February 2011)
The resulting media coverage from the Toyota recalls came under scrutiny from automotive and general publications. Toyota came in for extensive criticism, with commentators suggesting that emphasis on profits had resulted in manufacturing defects,[163] while AutoWeek, Car and Driver, Motor Trend, and Popular Mechanics ran editorials criticizing alleged disproportionate coverage of the recalls,[164] with the sentiment echoed in Automotive News,[165] BusinessWeek,[83][166] and the National Post.[143][167] In February 2010, Car and Driver executive editor Mike Dushane wrote that the "media circus" overlooked the fact that "the numbers don't reveal a meaningful problem", with the alleged fatality risk at about 1 in 200,000 recalled Toyota vehicles, versus a 1 in 8,000 risk of a fatal car accident in any car in the U.S.,[18] and that "it's critical to note that the lack of such a throttle kill isn't a defect. It isn't Toyota's responsibility to account for every possible stupid thing people might do in a car."[18] On February 10, AutoWeek executive editor Wes Raynal noted that following the recalls, U.S. media reports focused on any Toyota-related complaint as a manufacturer defect, without regard for the actual prevalence and the possibility of alternative explanations, such as driver inattentiveness or erroneous perceptions.[168] Motor Trend editor-at-large Arthur St. Antoine also wrote that the recalls had become the "panic du jour" and faulted CNN's reporting for not asking about driver skills, being on the cellphone, or texting as causes of accidents.[19]
On February 4, 2010, Consumer Reports' director of automobile testing David Champion also suggested that the media coverage was disproportionate to the problem,[17] stating that "When you look at the statistics we are putting an awful lot of effort on a very small risk," noting that the frequency of unintended acceleration complaints was approximately 1 in 10,000 out of 20 million Toyotas on the road.[17] On February 10, Toyota dealers in the five-state Southeast region pulled all advertising from ABC stations in protest of "excessive" reporting on the Toyota recalls.[169] According to news analysis by the Project for Excellence in Journalism, the Toyota recalls were the #5 most reported story on U.S. news for the week of January 25–31, 2010, at 4% of all coverage;[13] the following week of February 1–7, 2010, the story reached #2, at 11% of all news coverage.[170] The Associated Press reported on March 5, 2010 that "relentless media coverage" of the Toyota recalls may lead to mass hysteria and an increase in alleged crashes and complaints.[109] Further analysis of the NHTSA complaint database also revealed that many acceleration complaints featured multiple factors, including DUI and reckless driving, which were typically not disclosed in news reports.[171] In July 2010, Forbes faulted the Los Angeles Times for inaccurately reporting on an alleged Toyota runaway crash by failing to mention that the involved driver was indicted for vehicular manslaughter and driving under the influence of marijuana.[172]
[edit] James Sikes alleged unintended acceleration case
On March 8, 2010, a 2008 Prius allegedly uncontrollably accelerated to 94 miles per hour on a California Highway (US), and the Prius had to be stopped with the verbal assistance of the California Highway Patrol as news cameras watched.[173] The incident received national news coverage, with initial reporting including inaccurate information about the event, such as the claim that a CHP car was used to physically block Sikes' vehicle.[174][175] Subsequent investigations uncovered suspicious information about the alleged runaway Prius driver, 61-year-old James Sikes, including being US$19,000 behind in his Prius car payments and with US$700,000 in accumulated debt.[176][177] Sikes stated he wanted a new car as compensation for the incident.[176][178] Analyses by Edmunds.com and Forbes found Sikes' acceleration claims and fears of shifting to neutral implausible, with Edmunds concluding that "in other words, this is BS",[179] and Michael Fumento in Forbes analyzing Sikes's claims related to the mechanics of his Prius and his own contradictions, such as saying he didn't want to take his hands off the steering wheel to shift into neutral even though he held a cell phone in his hand almost the entire time, comparing it to the balloon boy hoax.[177] Further government investigator tests on Sikes's Prius reportedly showed that the brake wear were consistent with intermittent braking, not constant hard braking as he claimed.[180] Sikes also reportedly had a history of false police reports, suspect insurance claims, theft and fraud allegations, and television aspirations.[176] These findings raised questions about "the credibility of Mr. Sikes' reporting of events" in a Congressional memo.[181]
[edit] Public image
According to a Rasmussen poll released on February 8, 2010, Toyota is viewed favorably by 59% of Americans with 22% viewing Toyota very favorably. Another 29% view Toyota unfavorably. The poll also found 72% of Americans have followed the recent Toyota news stories "somewhat closely" including 31% who are following them "very closely".[182] A second Rasmussen poll released on February 12 found 23% of Americans believe the federal government is criticizing Toyota to aid General Motors of which it is the majority owner, 38% disagreed, and 39% were unsure.[183]
[edit] Other possible causes of unintended acceleration
[edit] Electronic throttle control system
On November 25, 2009, ABC News quoted Sean Kane, head of the for-profit firm Safety Research & Strategies,[184] stating that he had uncovered hundreds of "non-floor mat sudden acceleration cases" which the floor mat recall did not address.[185] Kane, who works with attorneys suing Toyota,[186] said his firm had discovered over 2,000 Toyota sudden acceleration cases involving 16 deaths and 243 injuries,[185] publishing its most comprehensive report on the issue on Feb 5th, 2010.[187] Kane alleged that the problem was not with the accelerator pedals, but with the electronic throttle control systems (ETC).[188] An electronic throttle control system is a drive-by-wire system, in which the accelerator pedal and the engine are indirectly linked electronically, instead of directly linked mechanically.[189] This means that input from the accelerator pedal is just one input used to decide how wide the throttle is opened. On Feb 13, 2010, The Wall Street Journal reported that Kane's company was "controversial" because its income comes from lawsuits against auto manufacturers,[184] which was not disclosed in media reports;[190] auto journalists noted that the firm had a "vested interest" in blaming manufacturer defects while avoiding operator error.[190][191] The Los Angeles Times reported that since Toyota and Lexus began installing electronic throttle control systems in 2001, complaints of unintended acceleration with vehicles from both those brands rose sharply.[188] Electromagnetic interference with the electronic throttle control system is another possible cause of unintended acceleration.[192] The Detroit Free Press reported on March 16, 2010 that cosmic rays, or radiation from outer space, was a possible source for alleged electronic malfunctions.[193]
The Wall Street Journal obtained a copy of a preliminary study dated on February 4, 2010 by the California based engineering research firm Exponent.[194] The initial study commissioned by Toyota beginning in December 2009 concluded "Exponent has so far been unable to induce, through electrical disturbances to the system, either unintended acceleration or behavior that might be a precursor to such an event, despite concerted efforts toward this goal." For the study Exponent purchased six Toyota and Lexus vehicles which were analyzed by "engineers and technicians specializing in mechanical, electrical, and automotive engineering." According to Exponent, Toyota "didn't limit the scope or budget of its investigation" which is being shared with Toyota and lawmakers. The study will continue for several more months.[195] According to the Los Angeles Times, Exponent's research has been criticized as being relied upon by companies in need of public defense,[196] although the firm has defended its impartiality towards clients ranging from firms to the U.S. government.[196][197] A University of California cardiologist was quoted saying, "I would have picked a firm with more of a reputation of neutrality" citing as an example their determination that secondhand smoke isn't carcinogenic.[196][197] Toyota subsequently asked Stanford University's Center for Automotive Research, a facility partly funded by multiple automakers including Toyota, to also evaluate the electronics claims.[26] The center's J. Christian Gerdes PhD, professor of mechanical engineering, rejected several electronics claims as implausible, and said that his findings were independent and that he received no compensation from Toyota for his evaluation.[197][198]
On Feb. 8, 2010 the NHTSA and NASA concluded the electronics were not to blame after reviewing the electronics and electromagnetic interference. The finding was based on studying over 280,000 lines of software coding on nine vehicles involved in earlier sudden acceleration incidents.[199] And studying the throttle systems at NASA's Langley Research Center and Chrysler's Auburn Hills headquarters.[30]
[edit] ABC News acceleration controversy
On February 22, 2010, ABC News broadcast a report[200] which apparently demonstrated how unintended acceleration could be caused by inducing a short circuit in the throttle control. In the segment, Dave Gilbert, a PhD engineer and professor of automotive technology at Southern Illinois University Carbondale, was shown in a late-model Avalon with ABC News reporter Brian Ross. By "inducing a short" in an unspecified circuit, Gilbert was able to cause the Avalon to accelerate dramatically. After the car was stopped, a diagnostic tool connected to the car's ECU displayed no fault code. According to Dr. Gilbert, proper design of the ETC should not have permitted a short like the one he induced to open the throttle; the ECU should have detected a fault and cut the throttle. Tests on GM vehicles, Gilbert said, did not expose a similar flaw. Autoblog's analysis queried the test's real-world accuracy, noting that the short circuit method was not disclosed outside of wiring normally independent sensors together, the ECU could not be expected to detect unrealistic scenarios, and questioning ABC News' and Brian Ross's objectivity.[201] Autoblog also uncovered that Gilbert was being paid by parties in lawsuits against Toyota.[201] Automotive analyst John McElroy on Autoline Detroit pointed to network news' history of "rigged" car demonstrations, including the 60 Minutes acceleration demo and the Dateline NBC exploding truck scandal,[202] and noted that ABC News' report did not include opposing views or disclose interviewee's financial ties.[202] Toyota responded by inviting ABC News to be present at its evaluation of the test.[202]
On March 8, 2010, Toyota held a live news conference where its engineers demonstrated the same short circuit method on Ford, Chevrolet, Chrysler, and BMW vehicles.[26] In each case, engineers were able to induce the same dramatic acceleration with no ECU fault code.[26] Stanford's Center for Automotive Research stated that ABC News' demo was unrealistic and misleading.[197] A study by Exponent Inc. finding that the short circuit "would be highly unlikely to occur naturally” and could “only be contrived in the laboratory" was also issued.[198] Toyota further demonstrated how Gilbert had allegedly shaved away wiring insulation, cut wires in the ETC, re-spliced them in a particular sequence, and added a control switch.[197][203] Gilbert's financial motive, being paid by Sean Kane, was also questioned.[203] AutoWeek,[204] Edmunds.com,[26] and other automotive sources saw the conference as debunking ABC News' claims.[203] On March 11, 2010, ABC News further admitted to faking[205] part of its report after tachometer screenshots were posted online.[206] The freeze-frames showed the parking brake, open-door, and seat belt warning lights on while the car was allegedly "accelerating" to 6,000 RPM, indicating that the car was actually not moving.[206] Media blog Gawker.com posted the photos and stated, "the tachometer footage is faked".[206] ABC News claimed that it was "impossible to get a good picture of the tachometer" during the actual test,[207] and re-edited the footage. Gawker.com responded that the edited video was even more "staged".[208] The Associated Press added that the falsified footage "created ethical questions".[207]
[edit] Possible cruise control cause
In February 2010, multiple media reports claimed that Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Wozniak had suggested that faulty software may be part of the problem.[209][210] However, in a subsequent CNN interview, Wozniak stated, "I haven't really said those things. They have put those words in my mouth".[211] Instead, Wozniak said his comments were about a "minor" cruise control issue on one of his several Priuses, and regarding other recalls, "whether it was mats, whether it was a sticky accelerator pedal, whatever -- I believe they found the right solution. If Toyota says it's not electrical, then I'm sure they're right."[211] When asked to describe his cruise control problem, Wozniak said, "It's a little more of a procedure of upping the speed, upping the speed, and then suddenly it just sort of went like it thought you told it to go to infinity."[211] As for alternative explanations, Wozniak said "If you're panicked and your car takes off, you don't think of these things."[211] He also clarified that his comments were "to a group of teachers for a discovery museum and talking about an issue of customer support, how hard it is sometimes to get to the people that can really deal with your problems".[211] Automotive journalist John Voelcker's analysis of Wozniak's description blamed the issue on user error, and not being familiar with the design differences of the adaptive cruise control system.[212] In the Prius, unlike some other cars, holding down the accelerate button increases speed in 5 mph increments continuously;[212] Voelcker suggested Wozniak was holding down the button for longer than necessary, setting the cruise to a high set speed, and thus resulting in the "smooth"[211] acceleration to high speed he experienced.[212] Some Prius users have also suggested erroneous user input explanations.[213] Others have come forward with their own stories about erratic vehicle behavior while using their cruise control.[214] In March 2010, Ward's Auto reported that user unfamiliarity with the faster response of laser- and radar-based cruise control systems was a likely factor according to AAA, NHTSA, and manufacturer findings.[215]
[edit] Driver error
The Wall Street Journal reported on February 25, 2010 that "safety regulators, human-error experts and auto makers say driver error is the primary cause of sudden acceleration."[21] Regarding the 2009-10 Toyota recalls, Ward's Auto noted that NHTSA investigations over past years have found that the majority of sudden unintended acceleration cases are due to driver error.[15] In such cases, accidents are the result of drivers mistakenly stepping on the gas pedal instead of the brake.[15] On November 29, 2009, the Los Angeles Times quoted a motor skills consultant stating that the fault in sudden acceleration cases "almost always lies with drivers who step on the wrong pedal."[114] In February 2010, Car and Driver suggested that the alleged accident rate of 1 in 200,000 recalled Toyotas was "highly unlikely" to result from vehicle defects, pointing to an increased danger for drivers who "aren't smart or calm enough to shift to neutral".[18] The same month, Forbes referred to auto industry experts as "skeptical" of defect explanations, suggesting that "driver error and panic account for many reported problems" with recalled Toyotas.[216] On February 4, Leonard Evans, author of Traffic Safety, claimed that driver behavior was the main factor in Toyota accidents, and that the consensus of 70 years of scientific research is that driver error is the prominent explanation for automotive fatalities.[217] In March 2010, Forbes Michael Fumento,[218] The Atlantic's Megan McArdle and attorney Ted Frank argued that the fact that most of the incidents of sudden acceleration in Toyota occur in elderly drivers strongly suggest that there is not an electronics problem as opposed to one of pedal misapplication.[219] Fumento's article was titled: "Why Do Toyotas Hate the Elderly?", and McArdle noted that immigrants were also twice as likely to be involved.[220] However, lawsuits filed regarding sudden unintended acceleration cases, along with related third-party investigation reports, have typically avoided the driver error explanation.[191]
In August 2010, the Wall St. Journal reported that experts at the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration had examined the "black boxes" of 58 vehicles involved in sudden-acceleration reports. The study found that in 35 of the cases, the brakes weren't applied at the time of the crash. In nine other cases in the same study, the brakes were used only at the last moment before impact.[221]
[edit] Factors leading to pedal misapplication
On March 10, 2010, the New York Times ran a piece by Richard Schmidt, PhD, professor emeritus of psychology at University of California Los Angeles and sudden acceleration researcher, suspecting driver error as the primary cause of unexplained Toyota sudden acceleration reports.[222] Schmidt pointed to several factors that make driver error more likely: elderly driver age, lack of experience with the car, and short stature.[222] In addition, unexplained sudden acceleration events were most frequently reported as occurring from low speed or fully stopped.[222] Typically, the driver was intending to press the brake, and did not consciously confuse the pedals; however, because of advanced age and neuromuscular irregularities, short stature and difficulty reaching the pedals, a slight misalignment in seating position, or unfamiliarity with the car model, the driver's foot contacted the accelerator by mistake.[222] The resulting unexpected sudden acceleration would lead to panic, with the driver thinking that the acceleration system had failed.[222] The immediate response would be to brake hard, but not knowing that their foot was on the accelerator, pressing down caused greater acceleration.[222] In such panic situations, the driver would think that the brakes were not responding, and continue pressing on the gas pedal until they crashed.[222] Switching to neutral or turning off the ignition was typically not contemplated.[222] Incidents occurred exclusively in automatic transmission-equipped cars [222] with driver complaints involving rental cars being far more frequent. All factors point to reduced driver familiarity and sophistication.
On March 12, 2010, Autoline Detroit argued that searches for additional vehicle defects were likely fruitless, as driver error was the primary cause of the 0.009 per million rate of Toyota sudden acceleration incidents from 1999 to 2009,[223] with "demographics and psychographics", namely elderly drivers and pedal misapplication as factors.[223] Also noted was that drivers with Type II diabetes (adult onset), which is more common among the elderly, are subject to reduced sensation in their lower extremities (peripheral neuropathy) with related impairment in positional knowledge of foot placement (proprioception).[223] Wired wrote that since investigators have been "unable to find evidence supporting drivers’ claims their Toyotas suddenly raced out of control"[224] operator error is the most likely explanation.[224] However, victims and relatives of sudden acceleration cases are commonly unwilling to suspect involved loved ones, and blame the vehicle instead.[220] Analysis of alleged Toyota acceleration reports in The Atlantic and other sources have found the highest distribution of
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163.^ Workers Warned Management About Cutting Corners, CounterPunch, 18 March 2010
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184.^ a b Dolan, Matthew (2010-02-13). "Outspoken Researcher Turns Focus to Toyota". The Wall Street Journal.
185.^ a b "Toyota Recall Fails to Address 'Root Cause' of Many Sudden Acceleration Cases, Safety Expert Says". ABC News.
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188.^ a b Bensinger,Ken (2010-01-22). "Toyota issues new recall for 2.3 million vehicles". Los Angeles Times.
189.^ Steven Ashley (2010-01-28). "What Might Cause a Gas Pedal to Become Stuck?". Scientific American.
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191.^ a b "Toyota Situation Provides Great Opportunity for America to Examine the Frivolous Lawsuit Epidemic". Theautochannel.com. Retrieved 2011-03-03.
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203.^ a b c The Mechanics of ABC News' Unintended Toyota Acceleration Hoax
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206.^ a b c How ABC News' Brian Ross Staged His Toyota Death Ride
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212.^ a b c "Is Wozniak Wrong About Prius?". Fox News. 2010-02-03.
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217.^ Leonard Evans (2010-02-04). "Opinion: The Lesson of Toyota's Recall". Aolnews.com. Retrieved 2011-03-03.
218.^ See Michael Fumento, Why Do Toyotas Hate the Elderly?
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[edit] External links
Official Toyota Recall Information & Latest News.
Toyota Pressroom
Toyota Recall Lawsuits FindLaw
Statement from Eastern Shore Toyota (US) - Sticking Accelerator Peda
Коментиран от #181
16:02 08.09.2011
177 kolio
16:02 08.09.2011
178 3
Предпочитам го пред корола!
16:02 08.09.2011
179 3
НЕ ВИ РАЗБИРАМ ! :):)
16:02 08.09.2011
180 520 zender
16:02 08.09.2011
181 Модератор
До коментар #176 от "3":
Този коментар е прекалено дълъг, няма да бъде изтрит, но моля, следващия път дайте линк, вместо да копирате цялата тази информация, че така е доста нечетуем. Все пак това е български сайт!16:02 08.09.2011
182 520 zender
16:02 08.09.2011
183 Бръм бръм
До коментар #160 от "Е":
Тойота прави най-качествените колиТова че изтегля много коли заради ДРЕБНИ неща показва грижа за клиента.
Нещо което VW не познава - немците не изтеглят коли освен ако няма 100-ина загинали от дефекта.
Да не говорим за чупещите се скоростни кутии, дюзи и турбота които така и не признаха за дефектни!
А фактът че все още дават само две години гаранция е твърде показателен за качеството
Коментиран от #192, #193
16:02 08.09.2011
184 biv6 fen na bmw
16:02 08.09.2011
185 520 zender
16:02 08.09.2011
186 520 zender
Коментиран от #187
16:02 08.09.2011
187 бръм бръм
До коментар #186 от "520 zender":
и без добавка ви разбрах , но не схванах цялостния смисъл?!Автомобилист означава шофьор или какво?
Карал съм 3 фолксвагена (единия нов) 1 Ауди и 2 тойоти (и двете нови)
Последните две са Тойотите и нямам и намерение да се връщам във филма на VW с късите гаранции и скъпите ремонти на коли на по 70-80000 км
16:02 08.09.2011
188 calibra c20xe
16:02 08.09.2011
189 lancer x
16:02 08.09.2011
190 3
520 зендер как разбра, че критикувам ВАГ?
16:02 08.09.2011
191 520 zender
16:02 08.09.2011
192 3
До коментар #183 от "Бръм бръм":
Казвам го за пореден път ЕДИНСТВЕНАТА КОЛА КОЯТО Е НА 60км (РАЗБИРАЙ ЧИСТО НОВА )и неможеава да запали е ! ?ТОЙОТА КОРОЛА!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!ТОЙОТА КОРОЛА!
Какво им качественото? Дизайна ли им е перфектен ? Кое ?
Говорите за голф инисан ГТР, а нещо да кажете за дизайна и изработката на алмера? Нещо голфчето май е доста по-добро?
Коментиран от #197
16:02 08.09.2011
193 3
До коментар #183 от "Бръм бръм":
Бръм Бръме,ако ти откаже спирачката в движение или ти заяде педала на газта, смяташ ли че Е ДРЕБЕН ПРОБЛЕМ и че просто копанията обича свойте клиенте , а не я е страх че ТРЕБЕ ПОСЛЕ А СЕ ПЛАЩА ЩОТО В НОРМАЛНИТЕ ДЪРЖАНИ ИМА СЪД и при подобни "ЛЕКИ" проблеми може некоя компания да фалира? Ако пак ви струва, че си думам глупости прочетете за Магдоналд Дъглас
16:02 08.09.2011
194 beemer
16:02 08.09.2011
195 520 zender
16:02 08.09.2011
196 ТРОШАЧА
16:02 08.09.2011
197 PEUGEOT 607
До коментар #192 от "3":
a putin koia kola nemoja da zapali ?16:02 08.09.2011
198 Боби
Коментиран от #199
16:02 08.09.2011
199 Виктор
До коментар #198 от "Боби":
Имам Opel Kadett 86г. чисто немско производство смея да твърдя и качество, няма и следа от ръжда, докато на комшията Golf 2 има дупка в пода от която спокойно може да си покажеш и двата крака! Става въпрос за поддръжка на автомобила, не дали е опел или фолксваген!16:02 08.09.2011
200 Drago
Коментиран от #202
16:02 08.09.2011
201 Anonimous
16:02 08.09.2011
202 haha
До коментар #200 от "Drago":
Dragoq 4aia ne teb ne ti li spreha predavaneto !! hahaha16:02 08.09.2011
203 opel fen
16:02 08.09.2011
204 niki
16:02 08.09.2011
205 Jorkata
16:02 08.09.2011
206 Rekord
16:02 08.09.2011
207 Този коментар е премахнат от модератор.
208 Този коментар е премахнат от модератор.
209 Този коментар е премахнат от модератор.
210 Този коментар е премахнат от модератор.
211 Този коментар е премахнат от модератор.
212 Този коментар е премахнат от модератор.
213 Този коментар е премахнат от модератор.
214 Този коментар е премахнат от модератор.
215 Този коментар е премахнат от модератор.
216 Този коментар е премахнат от модератор.